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Terrors and Marvels: How Science and Technology Changed the Character and Outcome of World War II, by Tom Shachtman
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The dreadful global conflagration known as the Second World War was more than the clashing of great armies on bloody battlefields. A different kind of war was being waged in the secret laboratories on both sides of the conflict -- a war that would alter the course and determine the outcome of the bitter hostilities, forever changing our world and future. In a stunning amalgam of science and history, Tom Shachtman, the critically acclaimed author of Absolute Zero and the Conquest of Cold and The Phony War, 1939-1940, gives us a riveting chronicle of World War II's forgotten combatants: the engineers, physicists, chemists, and academics whose contributions to the war effort were as important as the noble sacrifices of the soldiers, sailors, and airmen who bravely risked their lives. While it is a widely accepted fact that America's development and employment of the atomic bomb ended the Pacific struggle -- and that the failure of Hitler's scientists to develop their own A-bomb helped to doom Germany -- little note has been made of the other remarkable scientific accomplishments of this dark and terrible epoch. Beginning with a fascinating overview of the Depression-era struggle to establish scientific and military alliances that would ultimately enable the Allies to catch up to the Axis's early dominance, Terrors and Marvels offers an eye-opening history of the furious battles for technological superiority covertly waged by the world's most brilliant minds. From the creation of faster, deadlier jets and rockets to the development of biological, chemical, and electronic warfare -- from astonishing advances in medical science to breakthroughs in radar and decoding -- the incredible successes and failures that occurred in top-secret facilities around the world in the early 1940s never made headlines but often determined triumph and defeat. Here, also, are the intensely human stories of the architects of the terrifying war machines -- men and women of rare intelligence and integrity torn by the conflicting demands of conscience and country, haunted by their roles in the use and abuse of powerful science. Edifying, enthralling, startling, and sobering, Terrors and Marvels is a masterful work that sheds light on the astonishing achievements of a remarkable few and the great and terrible technology that swung the pendulum of victory in the Allies' direction.
- Sales Rank: #2496705 in Books
- Published on: 2002-05-14
- Released on: 2002-05-14
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.17" w x 6.00" l,
- Binding: Hardcover
- 368 pages
From Publishers Weekly
There was more to WWII science than the atomic bomb, demonstrates Shachtman (Absolute Zero and the Conquest of Cold) in his fascinating history of the use of intelligent machines in the conflict. He traces the development of scientifically engineered weapons such as poison gases, encoding devices (like ENIGMA), rockets, radar and early heat-seeking defenses, showing how both sides relied to an unprecedented extent on the work of scientists. Germany's defeat on the scientific front, Shachtman argues, was due largely to Hitler's sluggishness in making full use of his researchers and to the Third Reich's predilection for flashy, impractical weapons over the more mundane, efficient ones that could counter Allied bombs. Moving back and forth between Allied and Axis advances, Shachtman dramatically captures the breakneck pace of research and the charged atmosphere of the WWII lab. He examines the effects of scientific developments on pivotal battles, and he also profiles individual engineers, chemists, physicists and biologists in Europe and Japan. In addition, Shachtman shows how developments during the period would later improve the lot of postwar consumers. The impeccably researched, taut volume maintains its focus on the role of science without drowning in voluminous WWII historical material. This effortlessly readable text will be of interest to fans of history and science, and to the casual reader as well. Photos not seen by PW.
Copyright 2002 Cahners Business Information, Inc.
From School Library Journal
Adult/High School-Shachtman explains that prior to World War II, many European and U.S. scientists were hesitant to pursue advances in any field of science that pertained to the military because of World War I. Those who did, did so quietly, and often did not get far except in Germany, where Hitler was already gearing up for war. However, his support didn't last and by the time he allowed the development in military ideas to come into production again, Germany had lost the war. A somewhat similar situation occurred in Japan. Although the Allies came from behind scientifically and technologically, they had the resources and support to pursue and solve military problems through research in any area from biology to meteorology. Shachtman tells the story through the men and women, both Allied and Axis, who provided the scientific answers for the war. Major players emerge, such as Vannevar Bush and Wernher von Braun, and a host of other recognizable names. As technological advantages pushed the Allies toward winning, the race to find scientists once under the control of the Germans ensued. That led to the Cold War and the present patterns of scientific research supported by business or government grants. Filled with information and insight, this book offers a wealth of facts about events, people, and the technology of World War II that have determined the world we live in today.
Pam Johnson, Fairfax County Public Library, VA
Copyright 2002 Reed Business Information, Inc.
From Library Journal
Shachtman (The Phony War, 1939-1940) here offers a straightforward, jargon-free account of the changing relationship between science and the military in World War II. In describing this complex relationship, Shachtman does not focus on the Manhattan Project or the ENIGMA Code; instead, he presents a broad account of science's role in the war. This is an engaging chronicle of how the war was waged by physicists, chemists, biologists, and engineers. While the atomic bomb was the most dramatic contribution of science to the war, the development of torpedoes, radar, bombsights, jets, rockets, and so forth made an incalculable difference in the waging and outcome of the war. As the author notes, science changed the war, and the war has changed how we do science. Shachtman is also an award-winning documentary filmmaker. Highly recommended for public and academic libraries. James Olson, Northeastern Illinois Univ., Chicago
Copyright 2002 Cahners Business Information, Inc.
Most helpful customer reviews
9 of 9 people found the following review helpful.
Needs Continuity and one more edit.
By John P. Rooney
"Terrors And Marvels" by Tom Shachtman, sub-titled "How Science and Technology Changed the Character and Outcome of World War II".
HarperCollins Publishers, 2002.
This book attempts too much. The author attempted a more or less complete history of technology development and its impact in all the warring nations of World War II. The resultant volume is almost an Anglophile book, emphasizing more the war between the Western Allies and the Nazis. History is not only the material being included but also by whatever is excluded; Shachtman tends to include the efforts and counter-measures of the Anglo-Americans against the Germans. Often excluded are the successes in the Pacific Theatre. For example, at the commencement of hostilities, the Japanese Imperial Navy had an advantage in night fighting over the American navy. When radar was introduced to American ships, night fighting advantage swung to the Americans. This important story is not really covered in this book. In a similar fashion, the struggle for air superiority in the Pacific was a major technological success for the Americans. The Mitsubishi Zero fighter permitted Japan to dominate the early war in the Pacific. Then, the efforts of Grumman Aviation, Long Island, NY, as an example, in developing the Wildcat countered the advantage of the Japanese Zero. This story would be enough for a book in itself. On page 111, Shachtman notes that the Dutch government ordered "...its two radar experts to flee to Great Britain". Why not give the names of these two Dutchmen? And why not edit out the in fighting in England where one Englishman was made a lord and the other was insulted? Who cares? The major technological advance and change from marvel into a terror was, of course, the development of the atomic bomb. This effort has been documented so well in other books, that the author does not pay enough attention (in my opinion) to the success of the Manhattan Project and the use of the A-bomb.
I found this book difficult to read. The book is generally in chronological order, but the author uses "white spaces" as the simple expedient to signal a subject change. This results in the reader's attention being focused on a subject, and then, in the next paragraph, you have jumped from guided missile rocketry to the Katyn Forest massacre of Polish officers by the Soviets. (p. 227). With all due respect, in a work where any one of the interesting technological subjects could fill the entire book, why bring in something as unrelated to the theme as Katyn Forest?
The book would benefit from one more editing review. Besides moving the port of Antwerp back to Belgium (see the other Amazon reviews), the editor could look at some other pages:
...Page 211: High Frequency Direction Finder: the author calls HFDF a "radar". High Frequency Direction Finder was NOT a radar, but rather a technique to obtain range and bearing on a source of RF transmission. If two vessels could obtain range and bearing on a submarine transmitting, then, by triangulation, it was possible to determine the sub's position. Technological incorrect to call HFDF "radar".
..Page 234: Author uses "...1500 valves in `Colossus'" ... when else where in the book (see Raytheon) he employs the American term, "vacuum tube". Need to be consistent.
Page 254: Error: "would not to use it against third parties" should read "...would not use it against...".
Five stars for the content and attempt to bring so much history into one book. One star for mistakes that would not be acceptable on an MA thesis. Average: three stars.
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Quit on the 3rd page
By Evren Genc
I had purchased this book many years ago, but found time to open it just today. It stars with German V-weapons. I read on the 3rd page that the shells of the V-3 (Hochdruckpumpe) weighed 300 pounds. The figure seemed incorrect to me, because I knew of conventional naval gun shells which weighed more than ten times as much. (BL 18 inch Mk I naval gun). This gave me an urge to research about the book. So I checked the reviews here, and learned that errors are rampant in this book. I also searched the net and found that the author is not really an expert.
So now the book is in my trashcan. It had been a waste of money, I didn't want it to be a waste of time as well.
8 of 9 people found the following review helpful.
Sloppy and superficial...
By Kenneth Kaplan
This book was a real disappointment. Contributes nothing that anyone reasonably familiar with WWII technology would not already know. Full of irritating errors, inaccuracies and omissions. For instance, there is no mention of the ignored radar detection of the incoming Pearl Harbor air raid and its lessons, the dramatic defenses of the Anzio beachhead and the Remagen bridge by radar-directed artillery, the ordeal of the radar picket ships at Okinawa? Not a word. You think there might be a chapter on The Manhattan Project? There is none. Shachtman even gets the story of the defense of London against the V-1 bombs completely wrong.
Tries to tell the story following loose biographical lines of scientists but it does not hang together. Little tactical or strategic insight.
The inaccuracies are rampant and annoying. Examples: Shachtman calls the famous British Chain Home radar system "Home Chain". In referring to a number of Japanese radar pioneers he names half surname-first Western style and the other half family-name first, Japanese style. How about two mistakes in the same sentence? "The Phillips company of Einthoven, Holland" How about "the Philips company of Eindhoven, Holland", which is by the way very much still in business.
All in all, this book is a waste of time. There are much better books on the subject.
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